Student Research Reports

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The research conducted in Omiš and Osijek over the period from 2014 to 2024 analyzed the phenomenon of the Urban Heat Island (UHI). Data from GLOBE school stations, the Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service (DHMZ), and Landsat satellite imagery analyzed using the Google Earth Engine tool were used. The results show an increase in land surface temperature and air temperature, especially in newly built urban areas, with a smaller increase in rural areas. Students additionally measured temperatures in streets and parts of the cities with different vegetation cover, confirming that temperatures are higher in areas without vegetation. Temperature changes are most pronounced during the summer months, when the difference between urban and rural areas is particularly noticeable. The city of Osijek shows greater temperature differences compared to Omiš due to a more pronounced continental climate influence. Osijek does not benefit from the moderating effect of the sea, resulting in hotter days, colder nights, and a stronger development of the urban heat island. The number of warm nights and days with heatwave warnings is also increasing, which may have serious consequences for human health. The research confirms that urbanization intensifies the UHI effect and highlights the importance of preserving green areas. Mitigation measures such as increasing greenery, using reflective materials, and sustainable urban planning are proposed in order to improve the microclimate and quality of life in the cities of Omiš and Osijek.