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This research aims to study the causes of desertification in Dhofar. The research team's first hypothesis, which strongly suggests the cause, is climate change (Including rising temperatures, decreasing rainfall, increased evaporation and transpiration, and increased wind speeds resulting in dust storms and sand dunes). The second hypothesis is human intervention (including negative or incorrect land use and management practices that lead to the degradation of vegetation cover, increased salinity, and water and wind erosion, as well as overgrazing and premature grazing). These hypotheses led to the following research questions: Q1 What climate changes are the region experiencing? Q2 How have climate changes affected the environment? Q3What human activities are taking place in the region? Q4 What is the impact of human activities on the environment? We developed a work timeline, beginning with identifying the study site. The team then conducted a field visit to the site to study the problem, understand its causes, and develop hypotheses and potential solutions. The research team contacted the Environment Authority and the Directorate General of Agriculture in Dhofar to assess the monitoring and response. processes for this problem and requested their cooperation in the study. Fieldwork commenced, and the relevant program protocols were implemented. The results were as follows: Climate change has had a significant impact on the environment in terms of increased temperatures, decreased rainfall, wind, soil salinization, and a decrease in the quantity and quality of groundwater and surface water (Supporting the first hypothesis).  The protocols and tests applied by the research team indicated that climate change has a clear impact on soil properties, specifically increasing soil alkalinity and salinity (supporting the first hypothesis). Negative human interventions have an impact on the environment in terms of overgrazing, waste and its disposal methods, industrial facilities and their by products, repetitive farming and traditional farming methods, and the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers (supporting the second hypothesis). Conclusion: Climate change and negative human interventions negatively affect soil and its quality. Recommendations: Monitor groundwater quality, improve water management and irrigation, work to protect and increase vegetation cover in the region, limit urban expansion In agricultural areas, stabilize sand dunes, develop mechanisms to regulate grazing in areas prone to desertification and support local research