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A Study on Physical Factors Affecting Ant Diversity in School Botanical Gardens Wichianmatu School, Mueang District, Trang Province

Organization(s):Wichienmatu
Country:Thailand
Student(s):Ms. Chanakan Thongsri Mr. Peerapat Hadsud Mr. Punyapat KhaoKong
Grade Level:Secondary School (grades 9-12, ages 14-18)
GLOBE Member(s):Kwanjai Karnchanasrimek
Contributors:Mrs. Orpin Noonom Acting Sub Lieutenant Yuttapong Chanasuek
Report Type(s):Virtual Science Symposium Report
Protocols:Air Temperature, Relative Humidity, Soil Moisture - SMAP Block Pattern, Soil pH, Soil Temperature
Presentation Poster: View Document
Language(s):English
Date Submitted:2026-01-30
This study investigated the physical factors influencing ant diversity within the Botanical Garden of Wichienmatu School, Mueang District, Trang Province. The research focused on assessing soil quality (temperature, pH, and moisture) and air quality (ambient temperature and relative humidity) in accordance with the GLOBE (Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment) protocols. Data collection was conducted from October to December 2025. The results indicated that physical environmental factors, particularly soil temperature, significantly influence ant populations and their spatial distribution. Recorded parameters included soil temperatures ranging from 29.6 to 30.0 °C, soil moisture levels of 2.10%–4.06%, and soil pH levels between 7.0 and 8.0, while air temperature and relative humidity fluctuated between 31.1–33.13 °C and 50%–51%, respectively. A total of five ant taxa were identified, namely Paratrechina longicornis, Odontoponera sp., Camponotus sp., Oecophylla smaragdina, and Diacamma sp. These species were predominantly distributed across the ground surface, beneath leaf litter, under decaying logs, and on tree branches. These findings suggest that such physical variables play a critical role in maintaining ant biodiversity within the study area.
This research investigated the influence of soil and air quality on ant diversity within the school botanical garden of Wichian Matu School, Mueang District, Trang Province. Environmental parameters were measured following the GLOBE (Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment) protocols, focusing on soil temperature, pH, and moisture content, alongside ambient air temperature and relative humidity. The results demonstrated that physical factors, particularly soil temperature, significantly influence the distribution and diversity of ants in this ecosystem. A total of five ant taxa were identified, namely Paratrechina longicornis, Odontoponera sp. (Black predatory ant), Camponotus sp., Oecophylla smaragdina, and Diacamma sp. These species were predominantly distributed across the ground surface, beneath leaf litter, under decaying logs, and on tree branches.


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