Community Research Reports

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In recent decades, the world has witnessed large-scale climate changes whose effects have been reflected in various sectors, especially agriculture and food security. Statistics from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) indicate that global demand for cereals will increase by 70% by 2050 compared to the current situation, with a doubling expected in many low-income countries, as a result of the continuous increase in population and high per capita food consumption in communities with growing incomes, especially in Asia (FAO, 2009; 2024a). At the regional level, many Arab countries face significant food security challenges due to limited water resources and regional climatic changes that affect the stability of local agricultural production (FAO, 2024b). Regional climate changes are affecting rainfall and temperature patterns, reshaping local farming systems, crop productivity, livestock and fish farming systems, and affecting food distribution, food markets and access to food (FAO, 2024c).